Friday, January 30, 2015

General Knowledge Quiz: 29 January 2015



1) Planning Comission of India came into existence in which year? - 1950 (Now it has been revamped as NITI Aayog from January 2015). 

2) When were the fundamental duties incorporated in the Constitution? - 1976

3) Second Five Year plan gave priority to? - Heavy Industries

4) How many items are there in the Union List? - 99

5) How much of India's total geographical area is forest land? - 23%

6) What is "God Save the Queen/King"? - Name of British National Anthem

7) When was 'Jana Gana Mana' first sung? - Second day of the Calcutta session of the Indian National Congress on December 27, 1911.

8) First oil refinery in India was set up at? - Digboi

9) India switched over to the decimal currency system in which year? - 1957


10) Biosphere reserve of India Nanda Devi is located in which state? - Uttarakhand

28th January 2015 Important Current Affairs



1) Sujatha Singh sacked as foreign secretary, S Jaishankar is the new foreign secretary: Government on 28 January 2015 announced the abrupt "curtailment of tenure of foreign secretary Sujatha Singh with immediate effect" — a not very polite way of saying it was sacking her eight months before she was due to retire. Subrahmanyam Jaishankar, India's ambassador to the US, who's a batch junior to Singh in the service, will be the new foreign secretary. Singh is the first foreign secretary to be removed unceremoniously after Rajiv Gandhi removed AP Venkateswaran 28 years ago in 1987.

2) Nation remembered Lala Lajpat Rai on his 150th birth anniversary: On 28 January 2015, nation paid tributes to national martyr of freedom movement, Lala Lajpat Rai on his 150th birth anniversary. He was popularly known as Punjab Kesari. In his message, the Prime Minister said that Punjab Kesari Lala Lajpat Rai was a unique personality who was ahead of his time. He was born on 28 January 1865 in Jagraon town of Ludhiana district.

3) Sri Lanka reinstated Chief Justice Shirani Bandaranayake: President Maithripala Sirisena on 28 January 2015 reinstated Shirani Bandaranayake, Sri Lanka’s first woman Chief Justice, days after restoration of all ranks of a former Army chief, reversing the controversial decisions of former President Mahinda Rajapaksa. “Shirani Bandaranayake has been restored on the basis that procedure adopted to remove her during the tenure of President Rajapaksa was flawed,” J.C. Weliamuna, Convener of the Lawyers’ Collective attorney-at-law, said. Ms. Bandaranayke was unceremoniously removed from the Supreme Court in 2013 by the Rajapaksa government, always insisted that she was still the “legal” Chief Justice of the country.

4) Hike Messenger introduced free voice calling: Home-grown chat application firm Hike Messenger has rolled out free voice-calling Hike Calls, a company statement said. The introduction of this feature will allow its users to call each other for free, over 2G, 3G and Wi-Fi and across the globe in over 200 countries. The introduction of such calls has come within a month of its first acquisition of a free calling app - Zip Phone.

5) Kalyan Singh takes additional charge as Himachal Governor: Rajasthan Governor Kalyan Singh was on 28 January 2015 sworn in as the Himachal Pradesh Governor. He was administered oath of office by Himachal Pradesh High Court Chief Justice Mansoor Ahmed Mir at a simple ceremony at Raj Bhawan. Singh has been given an additional charge of Himachal Pradesh after Urmila Singh, completed the full five year term as HP Governor.

6) China’s Yuan among Top 5 most used currencies in the world: China’s yuan has become one of the top five most-used currencies in the world, overtaking the Canadian dollar and the Australian dollar, according to the Society for Worldwide Interbank Financial Telecommunication (SWIFT), an international financial transactions agency.

7) With $18 billion net profit, Apple made corporate history: The world's most valuable company reported a quarterly net profit of $18 billion, the highest ever in corporate history. Apple's net profit for the first quarter, which corresponds to the last 3 months of 2014, topped $15.9b in the second quarter of 2012, according to Standard & Poor's.  This was mainly due to record sales of iPhones by the company.

8) Veteran Malayalam actor Mala Aravindan died: Mala Aravindan, Malayalam film industry's popular comedian, who acted in close to 400 films in the last 37 years passed away. He was 76. He suffered a cardiac arrest on January 19 and was hospitalised. He breathed his last on 28 January 2015 at a private hospital in Coimbatore. A noted theatre personality, Aravindan acted in his first film in 1968. Since then he has been an integral part of the film industry in the state, working in popular films such as "Meesha Madhavan", "Tharavu", "Patalam", and "Thadavara".

9) Justice Narayanan Nadar Paul Vasanthakumar appointed Chief Justice of the Jammu and Kashmir High Court: Justice Narayanan Nadar Paul Vasanthakumar has been appointed as the next Chief Justice of the Jammu and Kashmir High Court. His appointment will be effective from the date he assumes charge, a Law Ministry statement said. He is currently a judge in the Madras High Court.

10) Lizard Squad claims responsibility for Facebook, Instagram outage: Internet sites including Facebook, the world's largest social network, Instagram and other popular sites suffered temporary outages and a hacker group associated with other recent high-profile attacks claimed it caused the outages. A Twitter account that purports to speak for hacker group "Lizard Squad" posted messages suggesting that it was behind an attack the temporarily blocked several major web sites.


11) Google gets competition in new search engine: Finnish researchers have developed a new search engine that outperforms current ones and helps people search more efficiently. Developed at the Helsinki Institute for Information Technology HIIT, the SciNet search engine is different because it changes internet searches into recognition tasks by showing keywords related to the user’s search in topic radar. People using SciNet can get relevant and diverse search results faster, especially when they do not know exactly what they are looking for or how to formulate a query to find it.

10 things to learn from our Primeminister Narendra Modi



Narendra Damodardas Modi is a name we all have heard of, and the Lok Sabha Elections were enough to prove the faith the country that happens to be the largest democracy of the world has put in this man.

Public Speaking Skills
The man has something in his voice that makes head turn. Even the people who don't happen to like him have agreed that they never miss a speech by the Indian Prime Minister. And we can't even say that this all is because of someone who writes his speeches, as the Independence Day saw him speaking without any written speeches, and this sure is going to be one of the most remembered speeches from an Indian PM.

Discipline

The 15th Prime Minister of India has always led a disciplined life. Ever since he was made a bal swayam sevak in RSS, which is known to instill discipline in all its members, he has followed a disciplined regimen.

Determination

Ever since he was a child who used to help his father and brother in their tea stalls, he was determined to make it big for himself. He has been associated with RSS since an early age, and that shows the determination that eight-year old possessed and this 64 year old possesses.

Detailing

This is something for people who plan a lot. Learning from a meticulous planner that Mr. Modi is, you should care to have a love for detailing. For reaching out to the Indian population, Modi travelled more than 3.5 lakhs Kms and did 400 rallies, even to places where no one usually goes. This micro detailing helps a lot in efficient planning, leading to better results.

Love For Technology

The man is tech-savvy and likes to keep himself up to date with all the developments in the field. He tweets and posts important details of his life and journey within minutes of it happening. While we can learn from this, we should also know the clear difference there is between love for technology and being a slave for it.

Love For Fitness

Modi is a big yoga enthusiast and never forgets to do it, no matter how busy he is. Perhaps, this is the reason why he is this active at this age. This is also something that we can and should learn from him.

Enthusiasm

Even at the age of 64, the enthusiasm with which Narendra Modi lives his life is commendable. Be it playing drums on his recent visit to Japan or answering questions of various Indian students on Teacher's Day, he has never left his enthusiastic persona.

Patience

After full proof planning, which leads to his confidence, he is not a man who can be impatient and jump on to conclusions or be restless for results. This patience and the tendency of keeping his calm and not behaving like a kid has proved to be very useful for him. It's a hard sight to see the man angry, overpowered by emotions, or losing his patience. This is something which if learned can prove to be a changing point in our lives.

Leadership Skills

If you remember well, he promised to work one hour more than his subordinates did in a public speech. This is not something an inefficient leader would be able to say. He is an efficient leader and leads by his words; learning this skill from him can be beneficial for our professional lives.

Humbleness

Even though he is the Prime Minister of world's largest democracy, his position has not gone to his head. He comes across as a very humble human being and this is evident by the way he addresses the nation and answers all the questions he is put across. Being humble can take you places and this is also something to learn from him.

Daily GK Update - 30th January 2015

1. 30th January observed as Martyrs' Day
i. The government today observed Martyrs' Day on the 67th death anniversary of the Father of Nation Mahatma Gandhi and those who sacrificed their lives in the struggle for the country's freedom. 
ii. The MHA has told all states and UTs to see that “speeches and talks connected with the significance of the day, particularly mentioning the role of freedom fighters in the freedom of India may be made”. 

iii. The day is remembered in the living memory of all the freedom fighters who lost their lives for handing our the much needed independence. 
iv. Mahatma Gandhi was assasinated by Nathuram Godse on this day.

2. IIT Bombay launches mass open online courses
i. Prof Devang Khakhar, Director of IIT Bombay, launched three Mass Open Online Courses (MOOC) in computer programming, thermodynamics, and signals and systems from the institute’s IITBombayX platform developed in collaboration with edX.
ii. edX is a not-for-profit initiative by MIT and Harvard.
iii. About this course - The Introduction to Computer Programming will be 16-week course in two parts aimed at computer programming students. The course on Thermodynamics, designed for mechanical engineering students, will last 12 weeks. Signals and Systems will be a 16-week course in two parts designed for electrical engineering students. The students will get an honour certificate of achievement certifying successful completion of the course after they have qualified in the tests.

3. Send money 24x7 using only your phone's address book
i.  HDFC Bank, India’s second-largest private bank, is set to introduce a new app, Chillr, which will allow users to send money to any contact in their phone books, 24 hours a day, seven days a week.
ii. Chillr is a third-party app, which will be available exclusively for the customers. It will allow them to transfer money using a contact’s mobile number alone.
iii. Through the app, one can send Rs 1-5,000 a day. While the bank will not levy any charges, users will have to pay a fee for using the IMPS platform.

4. Charles Townes died
i. Townes shared the 1964 Nobel Prize in physics with Russian physicists Aleksandr M. Prokhorov and Nicolai G. Basov for the invention of the Laser.
ii. On  April 26, 1951, Townes scribbled a theory on scrap paper that would lead to the laser, the invention he’s known for and which transformed everyday life and led to other scientific discoveries.
iii. The laser paved the way for other scientific discoveries that revolutionize everything from medicine to manufacturing, including DVD players, gun sights, printers, computer networks, metal cutters, tattoo removal and vision correction.

5. Jaipal Singh appointed PS to MoS Home
i. Jaipal Singh, a Gujarat-cadre IFS officer, has been appointed Private Secretary to Minister of State for Home Affairs Haribhai Parathibhai Chaudhary.
ii. Singh, a 1991-batch Indian Forest Service officer is presently working as Director in Department of Higher Education.
iii. He has been appointed for a period of upto September 26, 2018, which is maximum period of seven years of stay outside the cadre in a single stint, or on a co-terminus basis with the minister's tenure.

6. India overtakes China as world’s leading gold consumer
i. India overtook China as the world’s biggest gold consumer in 2014 as global physical demand fell.
ii. Chinese gold demand slid by more than a third last year to a four-year low of 866 tonnes.
iii. Indian jewellery demand rose 14 percent last year to a record 690 tonnes, putting it back ahead of China as the world’s number one jewellery manufacturer.

7. RK Mathur to hold additional charge of DDR&D
i. Defence Secretary RK Mathur is given additional charge of Department of Defence Research and Development (DDR&D).
ii. Mathur, a 1977-batch IAS officer of Manipur Tripura cadre, will hold the additional charge for a period of three months.
iii.  He will take over the additional charge from incumbent Avinash Chander.
iv. Another IAS officer Reena Ray has been appointed as Additional Secretary in Department of School Education and Literacy.

8. Shekhar Sen appointed as Chairman of Sangeet Natak Akademi
i. Renowned music composer and actor Shekhar Sen is appointed as the Chairman of the Sangeet Natak Akademi (SNA).
ii. Shekhar Sen will succeed Leela Samson who resigned from the position on 5 September 2014. The post was lying vacant since October 2014.
Shekhar Sen: 
• He is famous for his mono act musical plays Tulsi, Kabeer, Vivekananda, and Soordas.
• Shekhar Sen has received prestigious awards including Padam Shri Award in 2015, Safdar Hashmi Puraskar in 2001 for his contribution in field of theatre and V. Shantaram Lalit Kala Puraskaar in 2008.


Important Facts about Indian Currency

The Indian rupee symbol 'INR' (officially adopted in 2010) is derived from the Devanagari consonant "र" (ra) and the Latin letter "R". The first series of coins with the rupee symbol was launched on 8 July 2011. Currency paper is composed of cotton and cotton rag.

RBI issues all the bank notes except Rupees 1 Notes. These notes are issued by Ministry of Finance. Recently RBI launched a website Paisa‐Bolta‐Hai to raise awareness of counterfeit or fake currency among users of the Indian Rupees and also the citizen of India.

The main security features of current banknotes are:
  • Watermark ‐ White side panel of notes has Mahatma Gandhi watermark.
  • Security thread ‐ All notes have a silver or green security band with inscriptions (visible when held against light) of Bharat in Hindi and "RBI" in English.
  • Latent image ‐ On notes of denominations of Rs.20 and upwards, a vertical band on the right side of the Mahatma Gandhi’s portrait contains a latent image showing the respective denominational value numerally (visible only when the note is held horizontally at eye level).
  • Micro lettering ‐ Numeral denominational value is visible under magnifying glass between security thread and latent image.
  • Intaglio ‐ On notes with denominations of INR5 and upwards the portrait of Mahatma Gandhi, the Reserve Bank seal, guarantee and promise clause, Ashoka Pillar Emblem on the left and the RBI Governor's signature are printed in intaglio (raised print).
  • Identification mark ‐ On the left of the watermark window, different shapes are printed for various denominations INR20: vertical rectangle, INR50: square, INR100: triangle, INR500: circle, INR1,000: diamond). This also helps the visually impaired to identify the denomination.
  • Fluorescence ‐ Number panels glow under ultraviolet light.
  • Optically variable ink ‐ Notes of Rs.500 and Rs.1,000 denominations have their numerals printed in optically variable ink. The number appears green when the note is held flat, but changes to blue when viewed at an angle.
  • Seethrough register ‐ Floral designs printed on the front and the back of the note coincide and perfectly overlap each other when viewed against light.
  • EURion constellation ‐ A pattern of symbols found on the banknote helps software detect the presence of a banknote in a digital image, preventing its reproduction with devices such as colour photocopiers.

 Different Kinds of Notes:
  • Genuine Notes: Such notes must have a water mark of Asoka Pillar, security thread and serial number along with alphabet. They have distinctive colours.
  • Soiled notes: The currency note which has become dirty due to its use or may be in 2 pieces. No portion of such note should be missing. These notes are accepted for exchange without any restrictions by the banks.
  • Mutilated notes: Such currency notes that are composed of various pieces or they are cut note of which some portion is missing. These notes are exchanged only by the currency chest branches of banks.
  • Single/double numbered notes: Notes up to Rs.5 are single numbered while the notes above Rs.5 are double numbered notes.

RBI’S Clean Note Policy
RBI had announced ‘Clean Note Policy’ in January, 1999.
For withdrawing soiled notes from circulation and pumping fresh notes into circulation, the RBI introduced various changes in the system and procedures related to currency management which include mechanization of the currency verification and processing as also shredding and briquetting for destruction of soiled and mutilated notes.

Rules and Instructions Issued by RBI:
  • Not to staple bank notes.
  • To Tender soiled notes to the Reserve Bank in unstapled condition.
  • To use bands instead of staple pins.
  • To issue only clean notes to members of public.
  • To open select currency chest branches on Sundays to provide exchange facility to members of public all over the county.
  • To provide unrestricted facility for exchange of soiled and mutilated notes to members of public.
  • Banks should sort notes into re‐issuables and non‐ issuables, and issue only clean notes to public.
  • Soiled notes in unstapled condition may be tendered at RBI in inward remittances through Currency Chests.
  • Banks should stop writing of any kind on watermark window of bank notes.

Coins of 25 Paise and Below – Withdrawal
Govt, of India has decided to withdraw the coins of 25 paise and below from circulation from June 30, 2011. Coins of 25 paise and below are not accepted for exchange at the bank branches from July 1, 2011 onward.

Withdrawal of Pre‐2005 Notes:
Reserve Bank of India decided to withdraw from circulation all banknotes issued prior to 2005 as they have fewer security features as compared to banknotes printed after 2005.
The withdrawal exercise is in conformity with the standard international practice of not having multiple series of notes in circulation at the same time.
The RBI has already been withdrawing these banknotes in a routine manner through banks.
It is estimated that the volume of such banknotes (pre‐2005) in circulation is not significant enough to impact the general public in a large way and the members of public may exchange the pre‐2005 series banknotes at bank branches at their convenience.
The deadline for exchanging pre‐2005 currency notes of various denominations, including Rs.500 and Rs.1,000, has been extended by another six months till June 30, 2015.


Reasoning Quiz

Directions(1-2): Study the following information and answer the given questions.
G is the mother of R. R is the mother of S. S is the daughter of T. T is the brother of J. J is the mother of L. L is the daughter of Q. Q is the Son of D.

1.) How is T related to G?
1) Son
2) Daughter
3) Son-in-law
4) Sister
5) Daughter-in-law

2.) How is S related to J?
1) Son
2) Niece
3) Daughter
4) Nephew
5) Cannot be determined

Directions(3-7): Study the information carefully and answer the questions. 
L, M, N, O, P, Q, R and S are sitting around a circular area at equal distances between each other, but not necessarily in the same order. Some of the people are facing the centre while some face outside (i.e., in a direction opposite to the centre).S sits fourth to left of P. O sits second to right of S. S faces outside. L sits third to right of R. R is not an immediate neighbour of O. L is not an immediate neighbour of P. Both the immediate neighbours of Q face the centre. Both the immediate neighbours of M face opposite directions (i.e., if one person faces the centre then the other faces outside and vice- versa). Both the immediate neighbours of S face same direction as 0 (i.e., if 0 faces the centre then both the immediate neighbours of S also faces the centre and vice-versa) immediate neighbours of P face a direction opposite to that of P (i.e., if P faces the centre then both his immediate neighbours face outside and vice-versa).

3.) What is R's position with respect to O?
1) Third to the right
2) Fifth to the left
3) Second to the left
4) Third to the left
5) Fourth to the right

4.) Four of the following are a like in a certain way based on the given seating arrangement and so form a group. Which is the one that does not belong to that group?
1) N
2) O
3) M
4) P
5) L

5.) Which of the following is true regarding N as per the given seating arrangement?
1) N sits to immediate right of M
2) N faces outside
3) Only two people sit between N and Q
4) L sits second to right of N
5) S is one of the immediate neighbours of N

6.) Who is sitting to immediate left of P?
1) R
2) M
3) O
4) S
5) Q

7.) How many people in the given arrangement face outside?
1) One
2) Three
3) Five
4) Four
5) Two

Directions(8-10): Study the following information and answer the question.
Six people P, Q, R, S, T and U obtained different marks in an exam. P obtained more marks than only two people. Q obtained more marks than S but not the highest. U obtained more marks than only R. The one with second highest marks obtained 480 marks. The one with second lowest marks obtained 350 marks.

8) Which of the following is true with respect to T as per the given information?
1) T obtained less marks than only two people
2) T possibly obtained 500 marks
3) T obtained more marks than S but less than Q
4) All the given statements are true
5) T definitely obtained 480 marks

9) Who amongst the following obtained third highest marks?
1) S
2) R
3) T
4) U
5) P

10.) Who amongst the following possibly obtained 400 marks?
1) P
2) Either S or P
3) S
4) T
5) Either R or T

Directions(11-15): Study the following information to answer the given question.
Ten people are sitting in two parallel rows containing five people each, in such a way that there is an equal distance between adjacent persons. In Row-1 R, S, T, U and V are seated (but not necessarily in the same order) and all of them are facing north. In Row-2 F, G, H, I and J are seated (but not necessarily in the same order) and all of them are facing south. Therefore, in the given seating arrangement each member seated in a row faces another member of the other row. T sits third to right of the person who faces F. Only two peoples sit between F and I. The person who faces U sits to immediate left of H. Only one person sits between Hand J. The one who faces G sits second to right of R. H does not face V.

11.) Which of the following groups of people represents the people sitting at extreme ends of both the rows?
1) F, J, D, R
2) I, F, V, S
3) J, I, V, T
4) H, G, T, R
5) F, G, T, U

12.) Who sits to immediate right of the person who faces R?
1) I
2) H
3) J
4) F
5) G

13.) Which of the following is true regarding G?
1) J sits second to right of G
2) V is an immediate neighbour of the person who faces G
3) Both H and I are immediate neighbours of G
4) Only two people sit between G and I
5) None of the given options is true

14.) Which of the following is true with respect to the given information?
1) J faces one of the immediate neighbours of S
2) J is an immediate neighbour of I
3) None of the given options is true
4) U sits exactly between Sand T
5) F faces U

15.) Who amongst the following faces S?
1) G
2) H
3) J
4) I
5) F

Answers:
01. 3
02. 2
03. 5
04. 3
05. 5
06. 2
07. 4
08. 2
09. 1
10. 2
11. 3
12. 3
13. 3
14. 4
15. 2


And the Saint walked in Sunset

On 3 June 1947, Viscount Louis Mountbatten, the last British Governor-General of India, announced the partitioning of British India into India and Pakistan. With the speedy passage through the British Parliament of the Indian Independence Act 1947, at 11:57 on 14 August 1947 Pakistan was declared a separate nation, and at 12:02, just after midnight, on 15 August 1947, India also became an independent nation.


Gandhiji on Independence

Gandhiji was against partition at any cost but he was unable to convince the Congress leaders of the wisdom of his stand.
Gandhi declined to attend the celebrations in the capital and went to Calcutta where communal riots were still raging. And then on the day of independence a miracle happened. A year-old riot stopped as if by magic and Hindus and Muslims began to fraternize with one another. Gandhi spent a day in fast and prayer.

Unfortunately, the communal frenzy broke loose again on August 31, and while he was staying in a Muslim house, the safety of his own persons was threatened. On the following day he went on a fast which was "to end only if and when sanity returns to Calcutta". The effect was magical. Those who had indulged in loot, arson and murder amid shouts of glee, came and knelt by his beside and begged for forgiveness. On September 4, the leaders of all communities in the city brought him a signed pledge that Calcutta would see no more of such outrages. Then Gandhi broke the fast. Calcutta kept the pledge even when many other cities were plunged in violence in the wake of Partition.

Gandhiji's Quest for Peace

January 13, 1948. Gandhi Ji started the fast again. On January 18, after a week of painful suspense and anxiety, representatives of various communities and organizations in Delhi including the militant Hindu organization known as R.S.S., came to Birla house where Gandhi lay on a cot, weak but cheerful, and gave him a written pledge that "we shall protect the life, property and faith of the Muslims and that the incidents which have taken place in Delhi will not happen again". Gandhi then broke the fast amid the chanting of passages from the various scriptures of the world.
Though the fast had touched the hearts of millions all over the world, its effect on the Hindu extremists was different. They were incensed at the success of the fast and felt that Gandhi had blackmailed the Hindu conscience to appease Pakistan.
On the second day after the fast while Gandhi was at his usual evening prayers, a bomb was thrown at him. Fortunately it missed the mark. Gandhi sat unmoved and continued his discourse.

हे राम
On January 30, 1948, ten days after the bomb incident, Gandhi hurriedly went up the few steps of the prayer ground in the large park of the Birla House. He had been detained by a conference with the Deputy Prime Minister, Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel, and was late by a few minutes. He loved punctuality and was worried that he had kept the congregation waiting. "I am late by ten minutes," he murmured. "I should be here at the stroke of five." He raised his hands and touched the palms together to greet the crowd that was waiting. Every one returned the greeting. Many came forward wanting to touch his feet. They were not allowed to do so, as Gandhi was already late. But a young Hindu from Poona forced his way forward and while seeming to do obeisance fired three point-blank shots from a small automatic pistol aimed at the heart. Gandhi fell, his lips uttering the name of God (He Ram). Before medical aid could arrive the heart had ceased to beat-the heart that had beat only love of man. 

Thus died the Mahatma, at the hands of one of his own people, to the eternal glory of what he had lived for and to the eternal shame of those who failed to understand that he was the best representative of the religion for which he suffered martyrdom.

Gandhi-Irwin Pact and Bhagat Singh
For those who think that Gandhi was behind the death sentence of Bhagat Singh here is the full story behind it,
Yes Gandhi ji was againt any act of violence and Un lawful activities though he was a great admirer of Bhagat Singh and all the revolutionaries but was worried for the result of it. 
Gandhi also once remarked about capital punishment, "I cannot in all conscience agree to anyone being sent to the gallows. God alone can take life, because he alone gives it.
Gandhi had managed to have 90,000 political prisoners who were not members of his Satyagraha movement released under the Gandhi-Irwin Pact. According to a report in the Indian magazine Frontline, he did plead several times for the commutation of the death sentence of Singh, Rajguru and Sukhdev, including a personal visit on 19 March 1931. In a letter to the Viceroy on the day of their execution, he pleaded fervently for commutation, not knowing that the letter would be too late.

Lord Irwin, the Viceroy, later said:

As I listened to Mr. Gandhi putting the case for commutation before me, I reflected first on what significance it surely was that the apostle of non-violence should so earnestly be pleading the cause of the devotees of a creed so fundamentally opposed to his own, but I should regard it as wholly wrong to allow my judgment to be influenced by purely political considerations. I could not imagine a case in which under the law, penalty had been more directly deserved.


Marketing :Quiz

Q 1.Which among the following is oldest variable of market segmentation? 
A. Geography
B. Demography
C. Psychography
D. General Lifestyle
E. Sociomapping

Q 2.Which among the following helps a marketer to help the product occupy a distinct and valued place in the target customer\'s mind? 
A. Pricing
B. Promotion
C. Positioning
D. Advertisement
E. Display

Q 3.\"Terms & Conditions\" is a sub element of which of the 4Ps of marketing?
A. Product
B. Price
C. Place
D. Promotion
E. None of them

Q 4.Which among the following provides \"core benefits\" ? 
A. Generic product
B. Expected product
C. Augmented product
D. Potential Product
E. Branded product

Q 5.Which among the following is not a quality of Banking Service? 
A. Intangible
B. perishable
C. inseparable
D. customizable
E.Ownership

Q 6.In marketing reduction in the sales volume, sales revenue, or market share of one product as a result of the introduction of a new product by the same producer is called as? 
A. Decoy effect
B. Co-marketing
C. Cannibalization
D. Cross merchandising
E.Complex sales

Q 7.The Unilever\'s products Rin Bar, Wheel Bar, Rin Powder, Wheel Powder , Surf and Surf excel can be kept in which of the following?
A. Product Line
B. Product Mix
C .Product Items
D. Product bundling
E. Product Index

Q 8.The Unilever\'s products Rin Bar, Le sancy Soap, Close up toothpaste, Ponds talcum Powder and Lakme cream can be kept in which of the following categories? 
A. Product Line
B. Product Mix
C. Product Bundling
D.Product Items
E. Product Index

Q 9.In which stage of the product Life Cycle (PLC) the Profits are low / negligible? 
A. Introduction,
B. Growth
C. Maturity
D. Decline
E. none of the above

Q 10.Emphasis should be laid down on which of the following in the Introduction phase of Product Life Cycle? 
A. Profits
B. Cash Inflows
C. Market establishment
D. Distribution Strategy
E. Market Segmentation

Q 11.Which among the following involves Physical means of carrying goods?
A. Transportation
B. Warehousing
C. Merchandising
D. Communication
E. Distribution Channel

Q 12.Which among the following does not come under \"packaging\"?
A. Containers
B. Wrappers
C. Bottles
D. Cartoons
E. Instructions for use

Q 13.Date of Production, Date of expiry, precautions, legal warnings etc. come under which of the following?
A. Social Stigma
B. Advertising
C. Labeling
D. Packaging
E. None of the above

Q 14.In which of the following departments the information from Marketing Department flows directly to ?
A. Production Department
B. Purchase Department
C. Human Resource Department
D. Security Department
E.Production and Purchase Department

Q 15.Which among the following is increased by \"Marketing Research\" ?
A.Nominal Cost
B. Real Cost
C.Marginal Cost
D. Revenue
E.Profits

Q 16.Which among the following is ultimate outcome of \"Increase in Sales\" ?
A.Sales price
B. Purchase Price
C. Total Cost
D. Distribution Cost
E. National Income

Q 17.Which among the following is the ultimate aim of \"Relationship Marketing\"?
A. Increased Sales
B. Increased Profits
C. Increased number of customers
D. Increased Cross Selling
E. Decrease marginal cost

Q 18.Which among the following is not an essential of \"Effective Marketing \" ?
A. motivation
B. communication skills
C. empathy
D. sympathy
E. perseverance

Q 19.Which among the following can be marketed to HNI group of individuals?
A.Essential Commodities
B. Luxury Goods
C. Low cost Substitutes
D.Potential Goods
E.Core products

Q 20.A \'Lead\' in marketing means ----?
A. Prospective Buyer
B. Market Leader
C. Point of Sales
D. A company available for sale
E. None of the above

Answers 

1. A
2. C
3. B
4. A
5. E
6. C
7. A
8. B
9. A
10. C
11. A
12. E
13. C
14. E
15. E
16. E
17. D
18. D
19. B
20. A